If you've ever looked at a jar of Manuka honey, you've probably noticed a number like MGO 263+, MGO 829+, or even MGO 1200+ on the label.
But what does MGO actually mean?
MGO stands for Methylglyoxal, a naturally occurring compound found in Manuka honey. It is one of the key characteristics that makes authentic Manuka honey different from ordinary honey.
The amount of MGO present in Manuka honey is measured in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), and higher MGO values indicate higher concentrations of this naturally occurring compound.
Where Does MGO Come From?
Unlike ordinary honey, Manuka honey begins with the nectar of the Mānuka tree (Leptospermum scoparium), native to New Zealand.
The nectar naturally contains a substance called Dihydroxyacetone (DHA).
As the honey matures after harvesting, DHA gradually converts into Methylglyoxal (MGO).
This natural transformation is unique to Manuka honey and explains why freshly harvested honey may have lower MGO levels that increase as the honey matures.
Why Is MGO Important?
MGO is one of the internationally recognized markers used to evaluate the quality of Manuka honey.
Because MGO levels vary naturally from batch to batch, every batch of premium Manuka honey is laboratory tested before it is sold.
The higher the MGO number, the higher the concentration of methylglyoxal in the honey.
For example:
| MGO Rating | Minimum MGO Content |
|---|---|
| MGO 83+ | 83 mg/kg |
| MGO 263+ | 263 mg/kg |
| MGO 514+ | 514 mg/kg |
| MGO 829+ | 829 mg/kg |
| MGO 1200+ | 1200 mg/kg |
These numbers represent the minimum amount of methylglyoxal found in one kilogram of honey.
Many batches naturally test above the label value.
Does Higher MGO Mean Better Honey?
Not necessarily.
A higher MGO number means the honey contains more methylglyoxal, but choosing the "best" Manuka honey depends on your preferences and intended use.
Many people enjoy:
- MGO 263+ for everyday use
- MGO 514+ as a popular premium choice
- MGO 829+ and above for those looking for very high-grade Manuka honey
The important point is that the honey is authentic and independently tested.
Is MGO the Same as UMF™?
No.
This is one of the most common misconceptions.
MGO measures only one naturally occurring compound.
The UMF™ (Unique Manuka Factor) grading system is much more comprehensive.
To qualify for a UMF™ rating, a honey must also meet strict standards for:
- MGO
- Leptosperin
- DHA
- HMF (freshness indicator)
This is why UMF™ certification is considered one of the most trusted quality assurance systems for New Zealand Manuka honey.
Read next: What Is UMF™?
MGO vs UMF™ Comparison
| UMF™ Rating | Typical Minimum MGO |
|---|---|
| UMF™ 5+ | 83 mg/kg |
| UMF™ 10+ | 263 mg/kg |
| UMF™ 15+ | 514 mg/kg |
| UMF™ 20+ | 829 mg/kg |
| UMF™ 25+ | 1200+ mg/kg |
These values are approximate minimum equivalents. Individual batches often exceed these levels.
Learn more: UMF™ vs MGO: What's the Difference?
Why Do Laboratory Certificates Show Higher Numbers?
Customers sometimes notice that a laboratory certificate lists a higher MGO value than the number printed on the label.
For example:
- Label: MGO 829+
- Laboratory Result: MGO 938 mg/kg
This is completely normal.
Manufacturers label their honey using the minimum guaranteed value.
If testing shows a higher result, the label is not changed because the product already exceeds its guaranteed specification.
Can MGO Levels Change Over Time?
Yes.
MGO develops naturally as honey matures.
Over time:
- DHA gradually decreases.
- MGO gradually increases.
- Eventually, MGO stabilizes.
This is one reason why premium producers carefully manage storage conditions before releasing their honey.
How Can You Verify the MGO Claim?
Choose honey from reputable producers that provide:
- Independent laboratory testing
- UMF™ certification (where applicable)
- Batch numbers for traceability
- Products produced and packed in New Zealand
Buying from trusted retailers helps ensure that the MGO level printed on the label accurately reflects the product inside.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does MGO stand for?
MGO stands for Methylglyoxal, a naturally occurring compound found in Manuka honey.
Does ordinary honey contain MGO?
Ordinary honey may contain very small amounts of methylglyoxal, but authentic Manuka honey naturally contains much higher concentrations.
Is higher MGO always better?
Higher MGO means a higher concentration of methylglyoxal, but the right choice depends on your personal preferences and how you plan to enjoy your Manuka honey.
Should I choose MGO or UMF™?
If possible, look for UMF™ certified Manuka honey, as the UMF™ grading system verifies several important quality markers—not just MGO.
Final Thoughts
MGO is one of the defining natural compounds that makes authentic Manuka honey unique. Formed naturally from the nectar of New Zealand's Mānuka flower, it is carefully measured through laboratory testing and displayed on the label to help consumers compare different grades of Manuka honey.
While MGO provides valuable information, it's only part of the picture. Choosing UMF™-certified Manuka honey ensures that multiple quality markers have been independently verified, giving you greater confidence in the authenticity and quality of every jar.
Explore Authentic Manuka Honey
At Manuka Canada, we offer a carefully curated selection of UMF™-certified Manuka honey from trusted New Zealand producers, including Waireka, Haddrell's, Arataki, and Cammell's.
Whether you're looking for MGO 263+, MGO 514+, MGO 829+, or premium MGO 1200+ Manuka honey, every jar is independently tested and produced in New Zealand for guaranteed authenticity.
Continue Learning
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